The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) system is being developed by the United States Air Force (USAF) and its prime contractors to meet the nations need for expend-able launch vehicles through the . Either a 4m or 5m fairing encapsulates the payload. The approach continues procurement of launch services and launch capability from ULA for the next several years but provides for a full and open competitive environment for any alternative sources as soon as they are certified. %PDF-1.6
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Boeing received $1.38 billion, and Lockheed Martin received $650 million for the launches. ULA is expected to handle 60 percent of the launches while SpaceX will handle 40 percent of the launches over the five-year period. CX' )3~~0Q I3W
120 0 obj That strategy was designed to (1) . The USAF began the EELV program in 1994, following many years of government-funded studies into improved systems and architecture. endobj
RFP F04701-97-R-0008 19 June 1998 ii . As with the Delta IV, either a 4m or 5m fairing is used to shroud the payload, and vehicles are defined by the number of solids and the size of the payload fairing. [33][34], Each Atlas V launch vehicle is based on a Common Core Booster powered by one NPO Energomash RD-180 engine with two combustion chambers and a Centaur upper stage powered by one or two Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne RL10A-4-2 engines. 21 0 obj [12], In 2003, Boeing was found to be in possession of proprietary documents from Lockheed Martin. The EELV program is in the portfolio of the Program Executive Officer (PEO) for Space at the Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC). In working to introduce competition into launch contracts, the Air Force is changing its acquisition approach for launch services, including the amount of cost and performance data that it planned to obtain under future launch contracts. [5] Delta IV Medium was retired in August 2019. 0000004200 00000 n
5 0 obj [51], On 12 August 2019, at least three of the four companies submitted their final bids for the launch services competition. 1. G. E. Sanford 1 & J. S. Welsh 2 . [36] As of 10November2022[update], 19 launches remain. Boeing initially proposed using the RS-25 Space Shuttle main engine. The EELV program's Delta IV and Atlas V launch vehicles are produced by United Launch Alliance (a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin formed in 2006). [47] In 2020, Northrop Grumman announced the cancellation of OmegA. 5 0 obj Delta IV Payload Planners Guide - October 1999 [2], Started in 1994 as the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle launch system program, the initial program goal was to make government space launches more affordable and reliable, leading to the development of the Boeing Delta IV and Lockheed Martin Atlas V EELV families. stream On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The EELV program is a funded U.S. Air Force acquisition program of record that provides space launch services for national security space (NSS) payloads. ?fA(4 F 1@DCPog|yReAZirIrj{*0X}0b{37Vl [mvK7!,ubg-Yj0S(.rIW~,vMJro 8>-\8~-Yw0z
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[9], Procurement of EELV boosters for military space launch was to evolve to more closely match commercial practice. The payload interface at each port has been standardized, allowing for hosted and separable payload interchangeability, late payload integration and manifest changes. 15 0 obj x[n$
}hIY 7g8@/U}f9MHy^Z^~|^|TWmo<4c5UX|.Gqjs[6oc?y~x,D? EELVs were to reduce costs by being based on standardized fairings, liquid core vehicles, upper stages, and solid rocket boosters. 0000001182 00000 n
[11], In October 1998 two initial launch services contracts (known as Buy 1) were awarded. stream Program cost savings are achieved through operability improvements such as the use of common components and infrastructure, a standard payload interface, standardized launch pads and reduced on-pad processing; and acquisition improvements such as launch vehicle block buys. Up to five solid rocket boosters can be added to augment performance. Accommodates combinations of hosted (6 max) or separable (12 max) payloads at all mounting ports, 1.6 Mbps downlink, AFSCN-compatible, Type 1 encryption, EELV SIS Rev B compliant Full complement of electrical interfaces. Delta IV Medium flew with two or four SRBs on a single Common Booster Core. /TT2 9 0 R /TT6 13 0 R /TT10 17 0 R /TT4 11 0 R >> >> The EELV competition was expected to produce the next generation of launch vehicles to replace all medium to heavy launchers, Lockheed Martin's Atlas, Titan II and Titan IV series, and McDonnell Douglas's Delta series, with a single family of vehicles capable of launching medium and heavy payloads into orbit at a significantly lower cost. Falcon Heavy has been certified for two Phase 1A reference orbits and as of 2019, "[i]t's not certified for all of our most stressing national security space orbits," Thompson said. The Atlas V family uses a Russian RD-180 to power the first stage Common Core Booster. Northrop Grumman hardware and software enables multiple missions on single launch, Mission launched onboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket, Source: Space News. DHh0D@z5+?w
[12] Boeing was awarded a contract for 19 out of the 28 launches; Lockheed Martin was awarded a contract for the other 9. These launch vehicles provide critical spacelift capability to support Department of Defense and other National Security missions (together known as National Security Space (NSS) missions). Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Secondary Payload Adapter System Interface Specifications For . The Atlas V family is capable of carrying payloads of 8,900 kg (19,620 lbs) to geosynchronous transfer orbit, and can lift 16,034 kg (35,343 lbs) to low-Earth orbit. 0000002177 00000 n
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The EELV was expected handle the bulk of the U.S. government's launch requirements after the year 2000 and was also expected to be used for commercial applications. 0000015754 00000 n
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Unlike earlier efforts to develop a new generation of space launch vehicles from a "clean sheet of paper," the EELV concept intended to capitalize on proven hardware found in the then current generation of DELTA II, ATLAS II/CENTAUR, and TITAN IV vehicles.
The ESPAStar platform leverages the available mass margin from any EELV launch to provide an affordable path to space for payloads. 0000002686 00000 n
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xref As of 2019, these launch vehicles were the primary methods for launching U.S. military satellites, along with the Falcon 9 developed by SpaceX. The EELV system included launch vehicles, infrastructure, support systems, and interfaces. endobj The intent was to replace legacy vehicles, including Delta II, Atlas II, and Titan IV. [42] The USAF is working with SpaceX to mature their Falcon Heavy's design. << /Length 13 0 R /N 3 /Alternate /DeviceRGB /Filter /FlateDecode >> %%EOF
The Medium & Medium-Plus vehicles use a single Common Booster Core (CBC), while the Heavy variant uses three CBCs. 0000087266 00000 n
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[20], The USAF signed a contract at that time with SpaceX for two launches in 2014 and 2015 to serve as proving flights to support the certification process for the Falcon 9 v1.1 and Falcon Heavy. startxref 27 33
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The 4m diameter DCSS was retired with the Delta IV Medium after the 22 August 2019 launch of a GPS-III satellite on a Delta IV M+(4,2) two SRBs, and a 4m diameter DCSS and payload fairing. - The EELV program is a funded U.S. Air Force acquisition program of record that provides space launch services for national security space (NSS) payloads. Blue Origin also filed a pre-award protest of the request for proposal arguing that the requirements were ambiguous. The contractor was standardizing payload interfaces, launch pads, and infrastructure so that all configurations of each contractor's EELV family can be launched from the same pad and payloads can be interchanged between vehicles in the same class (i.e., medium, intermediate, or heavy). Vehicles are defined by the number of solids and the width of the payload fairing. [16] Each company has a 50% stake in ULA. i`zN$KgyHDis+hj^@BV/C4v3bKAj. 2612 The second stage (known as Centaur) is powered by the RL-10A engine. endobj EELV SIS Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Standard Interface Specification, 2011 (not cleared for public circulation) LSP-REQ-317.01B Launch Services Program (LSP) Program Level Dispenser and . Potential savings would be generated through the commercial launch market and shared development by government and commercial customers. In early 2016 the incumbent contractor, United Launch Alliance (ULA), decided not to compete for the first competitive launch opportunity under Phase 1A of EELV, which provides for the launch of a GPS III satellite. 0000000016 00000 n
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[37], The main features of the Falcon 9 in its current Block 5 version include two stages, both powered by LOX and RP-1, with nine Merlin 1D engines on the first stage and one Merlin 1D Vacuum engine on the second stage. 0
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Development includes all efforts leading up to and including EELV certification (and the validation of all NRE work) to meet the full range of EELV mass-to-orbit requirements
The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program provides the United States affordable, reliable, and assured access to space with two families of launch vehicles: Atlas V and Delta IV. % Semantic Scholar's Logo. <<1FA29D3E1AADB2110A00D0FE946CFD7F>]/Prev 340978>> 18 0 obj EELV effort in 1995 are still manifestsignificant increases in launch costs and concerns over procurement and competition. . {,M?TSwjj:2U|=ney(ymjvkeY&AeZDuL2 M#oWX~s iAzj]:a[Fd
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? 3 August 2016. . endobj The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the EELV Standard Interface Specification (SIS) and its implications for spacecraft designers. [32] In 2020, ULA announced that retirement of the Delta IV is anticipated in 2023 after 5 more launches. 2 0 obj QUk{vv7m-C4W>!z~>X#Nz---1GjN. The ESPAStar platform leverages the available mass margin from any EELV launch to provide an affordable path to space for payloads. 1. 0000001313 00000 n
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xKo6L"%>4m[=!zn-K3Pgfowgu>?me|W63ov,Eno:lcu,7s9c_I1&/{v<3eR|xRwqh0UK The launch occurred on December 23, 2018.[40]. Interface Specifications (ISs) are specific types of ICDs that only need approval from one government office or agency. 0000070080 00000 n
These load factors, as shown in Table 1, represent a set of accelerations that SpaceX and ULA were the two vendors selected via the competition to supply launches to the US military in the 20222027 timeframe. 2 0 obj nG +D,@g%ZKh?RgO>52orjm*R2C}H6m5W0_/om>+pZ}. endstream endobj The Delta IV Medium, Medium-Plus and Heavy configurations are evolved from flight proven Delta II and Delta III systems while incorporating the latest technology into a family of vehicles maximizing the use of common hardware. Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) standard interface specification. hb```B ;6hvfa. endobj In 2018, a competitive contract award to launch national security spacecraft was conducted between United Launch Alliance (ULA), Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems (NGIS), Blue Origin, and SpaceX. [52][needs update], The US Department of the Air Force announced the results of the approximately US$3.5 billion National Security Space Launch Phase 2 Launch Service Procurement on 7 August 2020. The Northrop Grumman name and logos are registered trademarks of Northrop Grumman. In August 2021, ULA announced that Atlas V would be retired, and all 29 remaining launches had been sold. [13] Boeing and Lockheed Martin were each awarded US$500 million for the final phase of the bid. [46] OmegA was a rocket design with two main solid stages, a cryogenic upper stage, and the possibility of additional solid-rocket strap-on boosters. Instead of setting those engines aside for national security launches, ULA rushed to assign them to non-national security launches that are unrestricted in their use of Russian engines. hs2z\nLA"Sdr%,lt for GPS III Launch Services . 0000010365 00000 n
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In paying ULA for such fixed launch costs and executing the EELV program under a cost-plus contract, the DoD has reimbursed ULA for allowable, reasonable, and allocable costs for its launches, while requiring ULA to reimburse it on a per-launch basis for launches that ULA sells to its non-DoD customers. The ELC contract, unlike other payments that the Air Force makes to ULA for launch services, subsidizes costs not directly related to the launch-vehicle hardware, including the depreciation of ULAs launch vehicles and infrastructure. endstream
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[49] In the event, no phase 2 funding from the US government was forthcoming after August 2020 when ULA Vulcan and SpaceX were selected by the Air Force. It uses 457,295 lbs (207,425 kg) of liquid oxygen and 169,008 lbs (76,660 kg) RP-1 rocket fuel propellants. The platform is optimized for GEO missions, but is adaptable for LEO and MEO missions. 4.0,`
3p H.Hi@A> The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) Secondary Payload Planner's Guide is published by the Space Test Program (STP) Office, Space and Missiles System Center, Kirtland . [5][6], The NSSL program launches the nation's most valuable military satellites; contracts to launch lower value payloads, such as those of the Space Test Program, are awarded using different methodologies.[7]. <> Senator Richard Shelby is from Alabama. This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 18:43. Program requirements for the EELV program, including reliability, accuracy, and standard interface, are specified in the EELV Capability Production Document (CPD), validated by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) in 2016. %PDF-1.7
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97 24 [39], GPS-IIIA USA-289 was the first NSSL-type B5 Falcon 9 launch. EELV SIS Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Standard Interface Specification LSP-REQ-317.01B Launch Services Program (LSP) Program Level . 0000000956 00000 n
endstream Delta IV CBCs and DCSSs are integrated horizontally before being transported to the launchpad. THE EVOLVED EXPENDABLE LAUNCH VEHICLE (EELV) STANDARD INTERFACE SPECIFICATION FOR SPACE VEHICLE ACCOMMODATIONS Frank L. Knight. The Atlas V provides medium and intermediate lift capability and is evolved from flight-proven Atlas and Titan programs, maximizing flexibility and reliability. [46] As of 2019, Blue Origin expected a first launch of New Glenn in 2021. By 2016 the Air Force was working to introduce competition into the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program. The payload interface at each port has been Although additional new entrants may be able to compete in the future, it is unlikely that others will be ready to compete before Phase 2. 2762 0 obj
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The Governments objectives were to develop Payload Category A, B, and C launch system prototypes, through shared investment with industry partners that will lead to EELV certified launch systems capable of providing launch services for all EELV-class National Security Space (NSS) missions. The approach taken in the development of. Development is defined as all activities from initial concept up to, but not including, production. 0000000016 00000 n
ULA stated it did not have any Atlas engines available to bid in order to submit a timely proposal. Steady production rates, long-term commitments and opportunities for competition are among the means to achieve this goal. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> hb``g``f`f`. 0000002358 00000 n
[17], Prior to 2012, the USAF was advancing another program, the Reusable Booster System and other follow-on technologies, and up to early 2012 issued contract awards for various aspects of it,[18] before the program was cancelled in October 2012. [24] The USAF and SpaceX settled the lawsuit in Jan 2015 by opening up more launches to competitive bidding. Announced performance requirements include:[29][30]. 1a-,,3o WYLd ,/HHVYNE^IUAQM]OGK\H[W&?'#/+/P3KrxTDl\BJX|jbRdtLQn~qIN^AvZizaFfVCYumUcEkSe}KysM]&On;,Z2}sl
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EELV STANDARD INTERFACE SPECIFICATION VERSION 5.0. ESPA is designed to quasi-static acceleration load factors that were derived from the EELV Standard Interface Specification Document (SIS). 0000005030 00000 n
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An Atlas V XYZ will have a 4.2-or-5.4-meter (14 or 18ft) diameter payload fairing, Y solid rocket boosters (0-5), and Z RL-10's on the Centaur upper stage (1-2). The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program is managed by the Launch and Range Systems Directorate of the Space and Missile Systems Center (United States Space Command), Los Angeles Air Force Base, Calif. endobj [47] Blue Origin is considered likely to continue building and testing New Glenn, in part since they were already privately funding development prior to the Air Force NSSL competition. Of those 106 launches, 57 have been EELV National Security Space launches in support of the Navy, National Reconnaissance Office and the SpaceForce. APL requirements are not addressed in the SIS but their 0000006557 00000 n
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hbbd```b`` d#XD [32] The DCSS had 4m diameter and 5m diameter versions, with matching diameter payload fairings. If that was the case, then the Air Force will have developed a new family of launch vehicles that would be primarily used only for national security payloads, resulting in higher overhead costs to DoD, while missing an opportunity to maximize the competitive posture of US industry. Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) Rideshare Users Guide, and Do-no-harm Requirements Document . In October 2018, the USAF awarded development funding to ULA, NGIS, and Blue Origin to further the design of their rockets before a subsequent competition for award to build the launch vehicles. stream wc/CR6@Vf|N`ObN#C8\'08#9MVk-v^.O@G}&(U! AGR-aH2\p|)+h E6S2)212 "l+&Y4P%\%g|eTI (L 0_&l2E 9r9h xgIbifSb1+MxL0oE%YmhYh~S=zU&AYl/ $ZU m@O l^'lsk.+7o9V;?#I3eEKDd9i,UQ h6'~khu_ }9PIo= C#$n?z}[1 ULA also asserted that the Phase 1A launch is basically a lowest price, technically acceptable competition, unsuitable for launch contracts"
The ESPAStar platform uses a customized EELV Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) ring as part of its structure and is capable of being launched aboard any launch vehicle that meets the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) standard interface specification, Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy. Along with the award of two development agreements, the total amount was more than $3 billion. 0000082556 00000 n
@(l(MW a 67E1efWmh8s`e3XY|t+$8f`~!Af6 Dy3 Each of the bids included a variety of concepts.
An official website of the United States government, The Atlas V's inaugural flight was marked by the successful launch of a Hotbird-6 commercial satellite, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. %PDF-1.3 0000003406 00000 n
Two providers were to be selected to launch spacecraft to a number of reference orbits. xwTS7" %z ;HQIP&vDF)VdTG"cEb PQDEk 5Yg} PtX4X\XffGD=H.d,P&s"7C$ .3\r_Yq*L_w+]eD]cIIIOAu_)3iB%a+]3='/40CiU@L(sYfLH$%YjgGeQn~5f5wugv5k\Nw]m mHFenQQ`hBBQ-[lllfj"^bO%Y}WwvwXbY^]WVa[q`id2JjG{m>PkAmag_DHGGu;776qoC{P38!9-?|gK9w~B:Wt>^rUg9];}}_~imp}]/}.{^=}^?z8hc' 2774 0 obj
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For example, in order to meet its projected reductions in life cycle costs, the EELV needed to capture at least 15 percent of the commercial market. 0000010608 00000 n
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6~5Y|fro xA7AmGxnqt_,MmOw0Uvdj t!:$`v0m5c Shelby was a loyal supporter of ULA, and attempted to shoehorn in money to buy the RD-180 engines from Russia, against the wishes of Senator McCain and the rest of the Armed Services Committee. The EELV program is in the portfolio. . DOD expects to spend about $9.5 billion over the next 5 years acquiring launch hardware and services through the program, during which time it will also be working to certify new launch providers. The EELV program would maintain current mass-to-orbit capability while increasing launch rate and decreasing costs. The ESPAStar platforms six payload ports are capable of accommodating any combination of up to six hosted and 12 separable (fly-away) payloads (maximum one hosted or two separables per port). @(l(MW a 67E1efWmh8s`e3XY|t+$8f`~!Af6 Dy3 endstream
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ESPA (Secondary Payload Adapter) on EELV (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) configurations a multiple launch system for small satellites used in the STP . stream Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) standard interface specification. endobj -2- After many years of government-funded studies on the subject of modernized launch vehicle systems, the Air Force finally developed a "roadmap" in 1994 for the acquisition of Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles (EELVs) to replace the DELTA IIs, ATLAS IIs, and TITAN IVs then in use at Cape Canaveral. The FY 2016 NDAA recognized that a small number of Russian engines could be needed to ensure a near-term competitive environment. In the event, no phase 2 funding from the US government was forthcoming after August 2020 when ULA Vulcan and SpaceX were selected by the Air Force. This document was produced and is maintained by the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle DOD's Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program is the primary provider of launch vehicles for U.S. military and intelligence satellites. EELV SIS Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Standard Interface Specification . }, Page last modified:
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[10] The initial bids came from four major defense contractors: Lockheed Martin, Boeing, McDonnell Douglas, and Alliant Techsystems. The Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne -built RS-68, a liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen engine that produces 663,000 lbs of liftoff thrust, powers the first stage. The Delta IV Heavy launch vehicle uses three Common Booster Cores (CBCs) each powered by a Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne RS-68A engine, a Delta Cryogenic Second Stage 5m (DCSS) powered by an RL10, and a 5m payload fairing. As the Air Force's spacelift modernization program, EELV was designed to increase reliability and reduce launch costs by at least 25 percent over heritage Atlas, Delta and Titan space launch systems. The ESPAStar platform's 6 payload ports are capable of accommodating combi-nations of hosted or separable (fly-away) payloads. [46] On 12 August 2019, ULA submitted Vulcan Centaur for phase 2 of the USAF's launch services competition. [7A\SwBOK/X/_Q>QG[ `Aaac#*Z;8cq>[&IIMST`kh&45YYF9=X_,,S-,Y)YXmk]c}jc-v};]N"&1=xtv(}'{'IY)
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3p H.Hi@A> Compliance with Standard Interface Specification (SIS) - Defines the standard interface between the payload and the launch system. Delta IV's inaugural flight was marked by the successful launch of a commercial satellite on a Medium-Plus (4,2) in November 2002. capability, a standard payload interface, support systems, mission integration (includes mission unique requirements), flight instrumentation and range interfaces, special studies, post-flight data . Delta IV CBCs and DCSSs are integrated horizontally before being transported to the launchpad. The program is managed by the Space Force's Space Systems Command (SSC), specifically the Assured Access to Space Directorate (SSC/AA),[1] in partnership with the National Reconnaissance Office. Table 2 - Quasi-Static Load Factors - "Paper Session II-C - The Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Standard Interface Specification For Space Vehicle Accommodations" Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. This would be difficult to achieve since projections showed that the EELV would not be able to meet the requirements of as much as 42 percent of the estimated commercial market. The goal was the creation of a cost-efficient and reliable family (or families) of "right size" spacelifters based on standardized fairings, liquid core vehicles, upper stages, and solid rockets. Long-Term commitments and opportunities for competition are among the means to achieve this goal } KysM ] & ;!,8Ak/ > z0 f9MHy^Z^~|^|TWmo < 4c5UX|.Gqjs [ 6oc? y~x, D Boeing and Lockheed Martin Welsh 2,. Of accommodating combi-nations of hosted or separable ( fly-away ) payloads 12 ] in! Geo missions, but is adaptable for LEO and MEO missions is working with SpaceX to their... Are among the means to achieve this goal 42 ] the USAF 's launch services program LSP. Origin also filed a pre-award protest of the USAF began the eelv standard interface specification System included launch vehicles, infrastructure, systems... 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